Error Injection Settings

All emulated nodes, service nodes and mobile nodes, support error injection at the IP layer. You can simulate poor connectivity or corrupted packets, and define the number of errors that are introduced and the method used to inject the errors in the traffic stream.

Error injection by service nodes — PCF, SGSN, NAS, Network Host, etc. — is defined in the Advanced IP Node Settings window. The settings that you define are applied to all traffic processed by the nodes.

Common Node Parameters

MSs can introduce errors into the client side of the Data Traffic stream, and you can define the MN settings with the Error Inject... button in the Data Traffic pane.

Data Traffic Parameters

Related Measurements

All node measurement tabs (Data Traffic tab for MNs) report packets discarded due to error injection in the Total Received Packets Discarded, Total Sent Packets Discarded, and Total Discarded Packets counters.

Error Inject

Select the type of errors that are introduced. Packet Discard can be selected for both Outbound and Inbound packets. All other error types are only applicable to Outbound packets.

IMPORTANT:

If neither the Outbound nor Inbound rates are defined, no errors are introduced regardless of the type of error selected.
IP header error injection (Length, Checksum, and Source IP) can only be used with bearer plane traffic. The IP layer must be transported by a control protocol such as MIP or GTP.
When using Packet Discard with segmentation, you must ensure that the first part of the data packet is not being discarded, or the data transactions will not be successful.

Options:

None (0)
Packet Discard (1)
IP Total Length Set to 0 (2)
IP Checksum Corrupted (3)
Payload Checksum Corrupted (4)
Bad Source IP (5)
Out-Of-Order Delivery (6)
Duplicate Packet (7)

Default: None

If you select Bad Source IP, enter an invalid IP address in the field provided. That address will be used as the MN's IP address in outbound Data Traffic packets.

Delay (Packets): Available only when you select either Out-Of-Order Delivery or Duplicate Packet.

The Delay (Packets) is used to indicate when the duplicate or out-of-order packet are sent.

When sending duplicate packets, if you set Delay as 10, the packet will be duplicated 10 packets after the original packet.

When sending out-of-order packets, the Delay indicates how many packets to send before sending the out-of-order packet. For example, if packet #1 is to be out-of order and delay set to 5, the Wireshark shows as follows:

Packet # 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 7, 8, 9, and so on.

Range: 0 - 1000000 or less than Outbound Packets (if enable and specified).

Error Distribution

Use the drop-down list to choose the method by which packets are selected to be discarded or corrupted.

Options:

Fixed — The error is applied at a fixed rate to every nth packet.
Random — The error is randomly applied to 1 out of every n packets.

Default: Fixed

Error Rate

Use the checkboxes to inject errors into packets traveling in the selected direction.

Outbound — Errors are introduced in packets sent by the node.
Inbound — Errors are introduced in packets received by the node. Only Packet Discard can be applied to inbound packets.

Define the error rate for each direction in the fields provided. If you enter 50, for example, every 50th packet is discarded (Fixed distribution) or 1 out of every 50 packets is randomly discarded (Random distribution).